In order to help our clients from PG&E understand just how NUA can be used, we'd first like to make sure our PG&E clients understand qualified accounts that this tax trick can be used in and how they differ in tax treatment compared to non-qualified accounts. Qualified accounts (i.e. Traditional 401(k)) are designed to offer individuals added tax benefits. In a qualified account, you can make contributions with pre-tax dollars from your income, which lowers your tax bill for that year.
| 'Qualified accounts (i.e. Traditional 401(k)) are designed to offer individuals added tax benefits.' |
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In addition, no tax is paid on appreciation until withdrawals are made. At the point withdrawals are made (tax penalty for withdrawals before 59½ and required minimum distributions [RMDs] after 70) both appreciation and invested amounts are taxed as ordinary income.
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On the other hand, we'd like to point out to our PG&E clients that non-qualified plans are those (i.e. a standard brokerage
account) that are not eligible for tax-deferral benefits. Investments are paid
for with after-tax dollars. When appreciated shares are liquidated (a gain is
“realized”), the difference between cost basis (original cost at purchase) and sales price is taxed at either short-term or long-term capital gains rate depending on how long they were held, in addition to taxes paid on dividends the year they are received. Funds from non-qualified accounts are neither subject to early withdrawal penalties nor RMDs.