Interest rates are a key driver of most financial assets. While most often referenced in relation to the bond market, rates are also a key input in traditional equity valuation models, which incorporate market interest rates to determine the appropriate rate to discount future cash flows. Interest rates are an essential element in bond pricing and the yield that investors require to own a particular fixed-income security. Since hitting an all-time low in 2020, interest rates increased in 2021 and have continued that climb higher thus far in 2022. This has put pressure on fixed incomes and certain areas of the equity market, which has led to stress in certain areas of the stock market, such as growth stocks, which can be sensitive to interest rate shocks. With that in mind, let’s examine why rates have been moving up, and whether this should be a cause for concern for Occidental Petroleum employees.
MORE AGGRESSIVE FEDERAL RESERVE
The Federal Reserve (Fed) has already raised interest rates by 75 basis points this year. A 25 basis point hike in March followed by a 50 basis point hike in May. The Fed is currently expected to hike rates by 50 basis points in both the June and July meetings and will continue to hike through the better part of 2022. With inflation running hot and the job market showing strength, the fact that the Fed is finally moving away from zero shows confidence in the health of the job market. But the speed with which interest rates are expected to go up underscores its concern about the soaring cost of living. Americans living in areas like California or New York will experience this policy shift through higher borrowing costs: No longer will it be insanely cheap to take out mortgages or car loans and this along with higher inflation may lead to less investment in the market and more spending on needs, which is a main reason for market volatility, and important for Occidental Petroleum employees and retirees to keep in mind.
INFLATION CONCERNS
Inflation is also a primary determinant of long-term interest rates. Rising inflation has the potential to eat away at fixed-income returns, so naturally, inflation expectations are a component of the yield that investors require to own fixed income. Put simply, inflation is a result of too much money chasing too few goods, and there are concerns that the increase in the level of money in circulation may lead to this. The extraordinary level of fiscal and monetary stimulus put in place to combat the economic damage of Coronavirus caused a significant increase in the M2 money supply. As a result, we are currently seeing this increase in the level of money in circulation translate to a pickup in consumer spending, but also elevated inflation.
RISKS OF A RECESSION
Now that the pandemic has started to recede, the Fed has once again started to raise short-
term interest rates. This policy change has caused market volatility to spike for the three
major reasons to the right.
Today as the Fed begins to aggressively hike interest rates, market participants worry we may endure a period of high inflation alongside weakening economic growth — otherwise known as stagflation.
This environment is another example of why we believe in and suggest to our clients from Occidental Petroleum that staying diversified is the best way to insulate portfolios from being too exposed to one risk factor.
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Economic Definitions
M2 Money Supply: The M2 Money Supply, also referred to as “M2” or “Money Stock,” measures the amount of currency in circulation. M2 includes M1 (physical cash and checkable deposits) as well as less liquid money, such as saving bank accounts.
What are the key provisions of the Occidental Petroleum Corporation Retirement Plan that employees should understand to maximize their benefits, and how does the company structure its contributions relative to employees' earnings? As employees of Occidental Petroleum Corporation consider their retirement planning, it's vital to grasp how the company's contributions function, particularly concerning the wage base and annual earnings limits.
Key Provisions of the Occidental Petroleum Corporation Retirement Plan: The Occidental Petroleum Corporation Retirement Plan is fully funded by the company, with contributions based on an employee's annual earnings. The company contributes 7% of annual earnings up to the Social Security wage base ($137,700 in 2020) and 12% on earnings above the wage base. This structure is designed to help employees build substantial retirement savings. The plan's benefit limits align with IRS regulations, and employees should be aware of how these contributions are applied based on annual earnings limits to maximize their benefits(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…).
How can Occidental Petroleum Corporation employees manage their investment options within the Retirement Plan, and what resources does the company provide to help them make informed decisions? The investment options available through the Occidental Petroleum Corporation Retirement Plan serve as a significant tool for employees wishing to tailor their retirement savings according to their financial goals and risk tolerance. Understanding these options can be complex and requires an in-depth exploration of available funds, associated risks, and projected performance.
Managing Investment Options: Occidental Petroleum employees have control over how contributions to their Retirement Plan are invested. The plan offers various investment funds, including bond and stock market index funds, and target date funds. Employees can manage their investment elections through the online platform, oxy.voya.com, which also provides fund performance data and advice resources, such as Online Advice and Professional Management services, to assist employees in making informed decisions(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…).
In what ways do vesting schedules impact employees' retirement benefits at Occidental Petroleum Corporation, and what rights do employees have under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) regarding these benefits? Navigating the vesting schedule can make a profound difference in the go-forward retirement landscape for employees. Occidental Petroleum Corporation offers a structured approach to vesting, impacting when benefits are owned outright, and understanding the implications of ERISA for retirement planning is essential for all employees.
Impact of Vesting Schedules: Occidental Petroleum's Retirement Plan vests fully after three years of service. Employees are always fully vested in any Rollover accounts. Vesting schedules impact when employees can fully claim their retirement benefits, with protections under ERISA that guarantee the right to earned benefits. Employees who leave before vesting forfeit the nonvested portion of the company’s contributions(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…)(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…).
What are the distribution options available for employees of Occidental Petroleum Corporation when they reach retirement age, and how do these options affect their financial planning? The variety of distribution options at Occidental Petroleum Corporation can create a much more personalized retirement plan, allowing employees to consider how best to receive their benefits while factoring in tax implications and future income needs.
Distribution Options at Retirement: Employees reaching retirement age (60) have multiple distribution options from the Retirement Plan, including lump sum payments and annuity options. These choices impact financial planning, as each option has different tax and income implications, allowing employees to tailor their benefits to their future financial needs(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…)(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…).
How does Occidental Petroleum Corporation support employees who experience disability, and what provisions are in place for continuing retirement contributions during such periods? Understanding the support structure provided by the company, specifically in relation to short-term and long-term disability, is crucial for employees who may find themselves in unexpected circumstances. It’s important for them to know whether retirement contributions will continue during their disability or if they might need to make adjustments to their financial planning.
Disability and Retirement Contributions: Occidental Petroleum continues to contribute to the Retirement Plan if an employee is receiving short-term disability benefits. The contributions are based on the employee's actual pay during the disability period. This provision ensures that retirement savings can continue during times of temporary disability, supporting long-term financial planning(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…).
How can employees at Occidental Petroleum Corporation ensure their beneficiary designations remain current and what are the implications of these designations for estate planning? The process of maintaining accurate beneficiary designations is critical for the smooth transition of retirement benefits, and employees must be aware of how changes in personal circumstances can impact these designations.
Beneficiary Designations: Employees should regularly update their beneficiary designations to ensure their retirement benefits are directed as desired upon their death. Changes in personal circumstances such as marriage, divorce, or the death of a previously designated beneficiary should prompt an update. Failure to do so may result in unintended allocations(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…)(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…).
What are the specific eligibility requirements for the Occidental Petroleum Corporation Retirement Plan, and how do these requirements differ for various employee categories, such as full-time versus part-time employees? Recognizing the nuances of eligibility criteria within the retirement plan is essential for employees to understand when they can begin to participate and what contributions may apply, especially if they transition between roles.
Eligibility Requirements: Full-time and part-time non-union employees and some union-represented employees are eligible to participate in the plan. Contributions begin automatically on the first day of the month of employment or eligibility. Understanding the specific eligibility requirements, especially for employees transitioning between full-time and part-time roles, ensures accurate participation and benefit accumulation(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…).
How can employees reach out to Occidental Petroleum Corporation for assistance regarding their Retirement Plan benefits, and what are the best practices for ensuring their inquiries are addressed promptly? Effective communication with the company is key during the retirement planning process. Employees should know how to navigate company channels to maximize their understanding of benefits available to them.
Contacting Occidental Petroleum for Assistance: Employees can manage their retirement plan and address inquiries through the Oxy Retirement Service Center and the oxy.voya.com platform. Best practices for ensuring prompt responses include using the appropriate online tools and staying informed about plan updates and changes(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…).
What are the tax implications of distributions from the Occidental Petroleum Corporation Retirement Plan, and how can employees plan accordingly to minimize their tax burden during retirement? Having a comprehensive understanding of how taxes will impact withdrawals is crucial for employees as they strategize their retirement income, and these tax considerations can play a significant role in long-term financial planning.
Tax Implications of Distributions: Distributions from the Occidental Petroleum Retirement Plan are subject to standard federal and state taxes, including required minimum distributions (RMDs) starting at age 72. Employees should consider consulting a tax advisor to minimize tax burdens and maximize retirement income by understanding the specific tax consequences of various distribution options(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…).
How does Occidental Petroleum Corporation's retirement plan structure address the needs of employees transitioning from active service to retirement, particularly in terms of investment performance and management of existing accounts? As employees consider retirement, they should be well-informed about how the company manages contributions already made, ensuring that their investment strategy aligns with their anticipated retirement lifestyle and goals.
Transition from Active Service to Retirement: Occidental Petroleum supports employees transitioning to retirement by continuing contributions and offering a range of investment options that align with long-term financial goals. This structure allows employees to manage their investments effectively during retirement, ensuring that the plan remains aligned with their financial objectives(Occidental_Petroleum_Co…).
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